Learning objective
Programming concepts: Use, understand and know how the following statement types can be combined in programs: • variable declaration • constant declaration • assignment • iteration • selection • subroutine (procedure/function). The three combining principles (sequence, iteration/repetition and selection/choice) are basic to all imperative programming languages. Use definite and indefinite iteration, including indefinite iteration with the condition(s) at the start or the end of the iterative structure. A theoretical understanding of condition(s) at either end of an iterative structure is required, regardless of whether they are supported by the language being used. Use nested selection and nested iteration structures. Use meaningful identifier names and know why it is important to use them.
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Programming
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Programming concepts
Aqa A Level Computer ScienceFundamentals of programming
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Quick explanation
Programming concepts: Use, understand and know how the following statement types can be combined in programs: • variable declaration • constant declaration • assignment • iteration • selection • subroutine (procedure/function). The three combining principles (sequence, iteration/repetition and selection/choice) are basic to all imperative programming languages. Use definite and indefinite iteration, including indefinite iteration with the condition(s) at the start or the end of the iterative structure. A theoretical understanding of condition(s) at either end of an iterative structure is required, regardless of whether they are supported by the language being used. Use nested selection and nested iteration structures. Use meaningful identifier names and know why it is important to use them
- This point belongs to Programming, especially Programming concepts.
- You need to be able to programming concepts: Use, understand and know how the following statement types can be combined in programs: • variable declaration • constant declaration • assignment • iteration • selection • subroutine (procedure/function). The three combining principles (sequence, iteration/repetition and selection/choice) are basic to all imperative programming languages. Use definite and indefinite iteration, including indefinite iteration with the condition(s) at the start or the end of the iterative structure. A theoretical understanding of condition(s) at either end of an iterative structure is required, regardless of whether they are supported by the language being used. Use nested selection and nested iteration structures. Use meaningful identifier names and know why it is important to use them.
- Use the linked flashcards and practice questions to check recall, then practise applying the idea in an exam-style answer.
Why it matters
This objective helps connect Programming concepts to exam-style questions, flashcards, and revision notes for Programming.
Quick student answer
What is the final value of total after this Python 3 code executes? total = 2 total = total + 3 total = total * 2
Direct answer
10
Key terms
- Selection: A programming structure that chooses which statement or group of statements to execute based on a condition.
- Subroutine: A named procedure or function containing statements that can be used as a separate part of a program.
Common trap
Assuming a pre-condition loop always runs once: A condition at the start is tested before the body, so the body may execute zero times. A condition at the end is tested after the body, so the body executes at least once.
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Related learning objectives
- Data types: Understand the concept of a data type. Understand and use the following appropriately: • integer • real/float • Boolean • character • string • date/time • pointer/reference • records (or equivalent) • arrays (or equivalent). Variables declared as a pointer or reference data type are used as stores for memory addresses of objects created at runtime, ie dynamically. Not all languages support explicit pointer types, but students should have an opportunity to understand this data type. Define and use user-defined data types based on language-defined (built-in) data types.
Data types
- Arithmetic operations in a programming language: Be familiar with and be able to use: • addition • subtraction • multiplication • real/float division • integer division, including remainders • exponentiation • rounding • truncation. 42
Arithmetic operations in a programming language
- Relational operations in a programming language: Be familiar with and be able to use: • equal to • not equal to • less than • greater than • less than or equal to • greater than or equal to.
Relational operations in a programming language
- Boolean operations in a programming language: Be familiar with and be able to use: • NOT • AND • OR • XOR.
Boolean operations in a programming language
- Constants and variables in a programming language: Be able to explain the differences between a variable and a constant. Be able to explain the advantages of using named constants.
Constants and variables in a programming language