Learning objective
Mechanical finishes A range of mechanical finishes, including: • brushing/raising • calendaring • embossing • heat setting using thermoplastic fibres to give permanent pleats or crinkles and make fabric non-crease and non-shrink • stone and sand washing.
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The use of finishes
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The use of finishes
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Quick explanation
Mechanical finishes A range of mechanical finishes, including: • brushing/raising • calendaring • embossing • heat setting using thermoplastic fibres to give permanent pleats or crinkles and make fabric non-crease and non-shrink • stone and sand washing
- This point belongs to The use of finishes, especially The use of finishes.
- You need to be able to mechanical finishes A range of mechanical finishes, including: • brushing/raising • calendaring • embossing • heat setting using thermoplastic fibres to give permanent pleats or crinkles and make fabric non-crease and non-shrink • stone and sand washing.
- Use the linked flashcards and practice questions to check recall, then practise applying the idea in an exam-style answer.
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This objective helps connect The use of finishes to exam-style questions, flashcards, and revision notes for The use of finishes.
Quick student answer
Which mechanical finish is used to create a smooth, glossy surface on fabric?
Direct answer
Calendaring is a mechanical finish that involves passing fabric through heated rollers to create a smooth, glossy surface.
Key terms
- Mechanical finishes: Processes applied to fabrics to alter their surface characteristics and improve performance.
- Thermoplastic fibres: Fibres that can be permanently shaped when heat is applied, allowing for finishes like heat setting.
Common trap
Confusing mechanical finishes with chemical finishes: Focus on the physical processes involved in mechanical finishes, such as brushing and calendaring, which do not involve chemical alterations.
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Related learning objectives
- Fabric finishes The effects of finishes and the reasons they are needed in relation to: • the fibre/fabric properties • end use of the product.
The use of finishes
- Understand how the physical characteristics of fabrics can be modified by using mechanical finishes, eg trapped air acts as an insulator, air supports combustion, smooth fabric reflect light better than those with texture. 22 Visit aqa.org.uk/7562 for the most up-to-date specification, resources, support and administration Chemical finishes A range of chemical finishes, including: • mercerisation • flame retardancy, eg Proban ® and Pytovatex® used on cotton fabrics • water resistance • non-iron/crease resistance, eg Teflon • shrink resistance and anti felting • moth proofing • anti-pilling • hygienic (sanitised).
The use of finishes
- Detailed knowledge of the chemicals involved and methods of application is not expected.
The use of finishes
- Understand how the physical characteristics of fabrics can be modified by applying chemical finishes.
The use of finishes
- Laminating as a finishing process That a laminated fabric is a membrane system made up of two or more layers, and the principles behind how laminated fabrics work.
The use of finishes