Option 3 Key Terms

Neurochemistry

The study of the chemical processes and substances that occur in the nervous system, particularly related to neurotransmitters and their effects on behavior.

Learning Theory

A psychological framework that explains behavior in terms of conditioning and learning from the environment.

Gambler's Fallacy

The belief that past random events can influence future random events, such as thinking that a win is 'due' after a series of losses.

Illusion of Control

The tendency for people to overestimate their ability to control events, often seen in gamblers who believe they can influence the outcome of games of chance.

Aversion Therapy

A behavioral treatment that uses negative reinforcement to discourage undesirable behaviors by associating them with unpleasant stimuli.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)

A therapeutic approach that focuses on changing unhelpful cognitive distortions and behaviors, often used in treating addiction.

Precontemplation

The first stage in Prochaska's model where individuals are not yet considering change.

Action

The stage in which individuals actively implement strategies to change their behaviour.