Describe sterilisation as a surgical method of contraception.

Sterilisation is a surgical method of contraception designed to permanently prevent pregnancy. In women, this often involves a procedure called tubal ligation, where the fallopian tubes are cut or blocked to stop eggs from reaching the uterus. In men, a vasectomy is performed, which involves cutting the vas deferens to prevent sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Both methods are considered highly effective and are chosen by individuals or couples who are certain they do not want children in the future. It is important to note that sterilisation is intended to be irreversible.