Plant disease (biology only) key terms

waxy cuticle

A tough, protective layer on the surface of leaves that helps prevent water loss and protects against pathogens.

plant protection

Mechanisms and structures that plants use to defend themselves from diseases and herbivores.

bark

The protective outer layer of stems in trees, consisting of dead cells that help shield the plant from environmental threats.

protection

The role of dead cell layers in safeguarding plants from physical damage and pathogen invasion.

chemical plant defence responses

Responses by plants that involve the production of chemicals to protect against pathogens and herbivores.

antibacterial chemicals

Substances produced by plants that inhibit the growth of bacteria, aiding in the plant's defence against infections.

antibacterial chemicals

Substances produced by plants that inhibit the growth of bacteria, helping to protect the plant from infections.

plant defence responses

The various mechanisms employed by plants to protect themselves from pathogens and herbivores, including physical, chemical, and mechanical adaptations.

plant poisons

In Plant defence responses, plant poisons refers to chemicals produced by plants that deter herbivores from feeding on them. This matters in Plant disease (biology only) because it supports the learning objective to explain that plants can produce poisons to deter herbivores. Students should use this term accurately when they explain the biology, identify symptoms, or justify an answer in GCSE Biology questions.

herbivore deterrence

The mechanism by which plants use toxins to prevent herbivores from consuming their leaves or stems.

mechanical plant defence adaptations

Structural features of plants that deter herbivores and protect against damage, such as thorns, spines, and tough leaves.

thorns and hairs

Physical structures on plants that serve to deter animals from feeding, providing a protective mechanism against herbivory.

thorns

In Plant defence responses, thorns refers to sharp, pointed structures on plants that deter animals from feeding on them. This matters in Plant disease (biology only) because it supports the learning objective to explain how thorns and hairs deter animals. Students should use this term accurately when they explain the biology, identify symptoms, or justify an answer in GCSE Biology questions.

hairs

Fine structures on plant surfaces that can irritate or deter herbivores, reducing the likelihood of damage.

leaf drooping

A physical response in plants where leaves bend or curl when touched, serving as a defense mechanism against herbivores.

plant protection

The strategies employed by plants, such as leaf drooping, to deter herbivores and minimize damage.

mimicry

A survival strategy where plants evolve to resemble other organisms or objects to avoid being eaten by herbivores.

herbivores

Animals that primarily consume plants, which can pose a threat to plant survival and growth.