Study the aftermath of the American Civil War, including the 13th Amendment, Civil Rights Act, reconstruction in the South, carpetbaggers and the balance of Federal and State powers.

Evidence focus: Part three: Consolidation: forging the nation in AA America, 1840-1895: Expansion and consolidation (Paper 1 Section A: Period studies) provides the direct anchor for this learning objective. Students focus on Study the aftermath of the American Civil War, including the 13th Amendment, Civil Rights Act, reconstruction in the South, carpetbaggers and the balance of Federal and State powers. The explanation should use the subtopic wording, the relevant period, named events or individuals where appropriate, and precise historical evidence. It should then separate cause from consequence, change from continuity, and significance from importance while keeping sources, interpretations, evidence and opinion distinct.