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Cambridge IGCSE Biology practice

Paper 6 structured question: Biotechnology

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Biotechnology

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Paper 6Alternative to PracticalPractical3 marks

Results from testing stain removal by biological and non-biological washing powders on protein stains.

Results Table

Stain removal effectiveness

The table shows the percentage of stain removed from fabric pieces after washing with different powders.

Washing solutionPercentage stain removed (%)
Biological washing powder85
Non-biological washing powder50
Water only10
  1. a

    State which washing solution was most effective at removing protein stains.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  2. b

    Explain why biological washing powder was more effective than non-biological washing powder.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]

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Paper 6 structured question: Biotechnology

Paper 6Alternative to PracticalPractical3 marks

Method

Method to test enzyme effectiveness in washing powders

1. Cut identical pieces of white cotton fabric stained with egg (protein stain). 2. Prepare three washing solutions: one with biological washing powder, one with non-biological washing powder, and one with water only. 3. Soak each stained fabric piece in the respective solution at 30°C for 30 minutes. 4. Rinse and dry the fabric pieces. 5. Compare the stain removal visually or using a colorimeter.

StepDescription
1Prepare identical stained fabric pieces
2Prepare washing solutions
3Soak fabric pieces at 30°C for 30 minutes
4Rinse and dry fabric
5Compare stain removal
  1. a

    Identify the independent variable in this investigation.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  2. b

    Describe how you would ensure the investigation is fair and reliable.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]