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Cambridge IGCSE Biology practice

Paper 4 structured question: Sex hormones in humans

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Sex hormones in humans

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Paper 4Theory (Extended)3 marks

Hormonal changes during pregnancy

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Hormones in Pregnancy

After fertilisation, progesterone levels remain high to maintain the uterine lining and support the developing embryo. If fertilisation does not occur, progesterone levels fall, leading to menstruation.

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    Explain How does progesterone regulate pregnancy?

    Aim for approximately 3 distinct marking points.

    [3]

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Paper 4 structured question: Sex hormones in humans

Paper 4Theory (Extended)3 marks

Diagram Description

Menstrual Cycle Hormones

The diagram shows the levels of FSH, LH, oestrogen, and progesterone during a typical 28-day menstrual cycle. FSH rises early in the cycle, stimulating follicle growth. Oestrogen levels increase as the follicle develops, peaking just before ovulation. LH surges sharply at ovulation. Progesterone rises after ovulation and remains high if pregnancy occurs.

DayFSHLHOestrogenProgesterone
1-5HighLowLowLow
6-13ModerateLowIncreasingLow
14ModeratePeakPeakLow
15-28LowLowModerateHigh
  1. a

    Explain How do FSH and LH regulate the menstrual cycle?

    Aim for approximately 3 distinct marking points.

    [3]