Learning objective

State and apply the formula for Rf, which is the distance traveled by substance divided by the distance traveled by the solvent.

Read the explanation, check the common trap, then practise with flashcards and questions.

Exam focus

Cambridge IGCSE Combined ScienceExperimental techniques and chemical analysisSupplement contentPractical objective

Study support

Understand this objective

Quick explanation

This point belongs to Chromatography, especially Chromatography outcomes.
You need to be able to state and apply the formula for Rf, which is the distance traveled by substance divided by the distance traveled by the solvent.
The key ideas to know are State, Calculate, and Demonstrate.
Use the linked flashcards and practice questions to check recall, then practise applying the idea in an exam-style answer.

Key concepts

StateCalculateDemonstrate

Why it matters

This objective helps connect Chromatography outcomes to exam-style questions, flashcards, and revision notes for Chromatography.

Revision tools

Flashcards10 linked cards

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Practice Questions7 linked questions

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Paper 6Alternative to PracticalPractical1 marks

Method

In this experiment, a mixture of dyes was placed on chromatography paper. A solvent was allowed to travel up the paper, carrying the dyes with it.

Step	Description
1	Prepare the chromatography paper with a baseline.
2	Apply a small spot of the dye mixture on the baseline.
3	Place the paper in a beaker with a small amount of solvent.
4	Allow the solvent to travel up the paper.

a
State What is the independent variable in this chromatography experiment?
Your answer
Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.
[1]

Revision notestopic notes

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