Learning objective

Outline the process by which web pages are found, retrieved, and shown on a device when a user inputs a URL, detailing the roles of the web browser, IP addresses, domain name server (DNS), web server, and HTML.

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Cambridge IGCSE Computer ScienceThe internet and its uses

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Outline the process by which web pages are found, retrieved, and shown on a device when a user inputs a URL, detailing the roles of the web browser, IP addresses, domain name server (DNS), web server, and HTML

This point belongs to The internet and the world wide web, especially The internet and the world wide web outcomes.
You need to be able to outline the process by which web pages are found, retrieved, and shown on a device when a user inputs a URL, detailing the roles of the web browser, IP addresses, domain name server (DNS), web server, and HTML.
The key ideas to know are Describe and Outline.
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DescribeOutline

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Paper 1 structured question: The internet and the world wide web

Paper 1Computer Systems2 marks

Description

Web Page Retrieval Process

When a user enters a URL, the browser checks its cache, contacts the DNS for the IP address, sends a request to the web server, and receives HTML to render the page.

a
Explain the role of the DNS in the web page retrieval process.
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Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.
[2]

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Related learning objectives

Recognize the distinction between the internet and the world wide web, noting that the internet serves as the underlying infrastructure while the world wide web consists of the collection of websites and web pages accessed via the internet.
The internet and the world wide web outcomes
Comprehend the concept of a uniform resource locator (URL), which is a text-based address for a web page that may include the protocol, domain name, and the specific web page or file name.
The internet and the world wide web outcomes
Articulate the function and purpose of hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) and its secure version, hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS).
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Clarify the purpose and functionalities of a web browser, which primarily renders hypertext markup language (HTML) to display web pages and includes features such as bookmarking, history recording, tab management, cookie storage, navigation tools, and an address bar.
The internet and the world wide web outcomes
Explain the concept of cookies, including session cookies and persistent cookies, and their uses such as saving personal information, tracking user preferences, maintaining items in an online shopping cart, and storing login credentials.
The internet and the world wide web outcomes

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