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Students should be able to outline and clarify methods for minimizing soil erosion, including techniques such as terracing, contour ploughing, constructing bunds, establishing wind breaks, preserving vegetation cover, enhancing soil structure through organic matter addition, and implementing practices like tree planting, mixed cropping, intercropping, and crop rotation.

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Cambridge IGCSE Environmental ManagementAgriculture and the environmentPractical objective

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Quick explanation

Students should be able to outline and clarify methods for minimizing soil erosion, including techniques such as terracing, contour ploughing, constructing bunds, establishing wind breaks, preserving vegetation cover, enhancing soil structure through organic matter addition, and implementing practices like tree planting, mixed cropping, intercropping, and crop rotation

  • This point belongs to Managing soil erosion, especially Managing soil erosion outcomes.
  • You need to be able to students should be able to outline and clarify methods for minimizing soil erosion, including techniques such as terracing, contour ploughing, constructing bunds, establishing wind breaks, preserving vegetation cover, enhancing soil structure through organic matter addition, and implementing practices like tree planting, mixed cropping, intercropping, and crop rotation.
  • The key ideas to know are Describe, Explain, and Outline.
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DescribeExplainOutlineSuggest

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Method

Method to Investigate Soil Erosion Reduction by Contour Ploughing

The farmer sets up two plots on a hillside: one ploughed along the contour lines and one ploughed up and down the slope. After heavy rain, the amount of soil lost from each plot is measured by collecting sediment in traps at the bottom of each plot.

Plot typeSoil loss (kg)
Contour ploughed
Up and down slope ploughed
  1. a

    Identify the independent variable in this investigation.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  2. b

    Identify the dependent variable in this investigation.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  3. c

    Suggest one control variable that should be kept the same to ensure a fair test.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  4. d

    Describe how the farmer could improve the reliability of the results.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]
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