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Cambridge IGCSE Environmental Management practice

Paper 1 structured question: Managing the impact of rock and mineral extraction

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Topic

Managing the impact of rock and mineral extraction

Exam-style question

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Paper 1TheoryPractical4 marks

A mining company plans to rehabilitate a site after extracting minerals. They consider methods such as safe waste disposal, soil enhancement, bioremediation, and creating a nature reserve.

Method

Rehabilitation Method Plan

The company will first safely dispose of mining waste in lined containment areas to prevent leakage. Then, they will add organic compost to improve soil quality. Bioremediation will be applied by planting specific microbes to break down contaminants. Finally, the area will be planted with native trees to establish a nature reserve.

StepDescription
1Safe disposal of mining waste
2Soil enhancement with organic compost
3Bioremediation using microbes
4Planting native trees for nature reserve
  1. a

    Identify the independent variable in this rehabilitation plan.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  2. b

    Describe how the company could ensure reliability when applying bioremediation.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]
  3. c

    Suggest one safety consideration when disposing of mining waste.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]

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Paper 1 structured question: Managing the impact of rock and mineral extraction

Paper 1TheoryPractical3 marks

Results Table

Soil Nitrogen Levels After Treatment

TreatmentSoil Nitrogen Level (mg/kg)
Control (no treatment)5
Soil enhancement15
Bioremediation12
  1. a

    State the soil nitrogen level for the control sample.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  2. b

    Explain why soil enhancement resulted in higher nitrogen levels than bioremediation.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]