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Learning objective

Comprehend and apply set terminology, notation, and Venn diagrams involving two or three sets. Use Venn diagrams to illustrate sets and express relationships between them. The following set notation will be utilized: • n(A) indicates the number of elements in set A • ‘… is an element of …’ • ‘… is not an element of …’ • A' denotes the complement of set A • ∅ represents the empty set • Universal set is denoted as U • A ⊆ B indicates that A is a subset of B • A ⊈ B indicates that A is not a subset of B • A ∪ B signifies the union of sets A and B • A ∩ B signifies the intersection of sets A and B. Example definitions of sets include: A = {x: x is a natural number}, B = {(x, y): y = mx + c}, C = {x: a ≤ x ≤ b}, D = {a, b, c, …}.

Read the explanation, check the common trap, then practise with flashcards and questions.

Exam focus

  • Read the explanation.
  • Check key terms.
  • Practise with linked questions.
Cambridge IGCSE MathematicsExtended NumberSupplement content

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Quick explanation

Comprehend and apply set terminology, notation, and Venn diagrams involving two or three sets. Use Venn diagrams to illustrate sets and express relationships between them. The following set notation will be utilized: • n(A) indicates the number of elements in set A • ‘… is an element of …’ • ‘… is not an element of …’ • A' denotes the complement of set A • ∅ represents the empty set • Universal set is denoted as U • A ⊆ B indicates that A is a subset of B • A ⊈ B indicates that A is not a subset of B • A ∪ B signifies the union of sets A and B • A ∩ B signifies the intersection of sets A and B. Example definitions of sets include: A = {x: x is a natural number}, B = {(x, y): y = mx + c}, C = {x: a ≤ x ≤ b}, D = {a, b, c, …}

  • This point belongs to Sets, especially Sets outcomes.
  • You need to be able to comprehend and apply set terminology, notation, and Venn diagrams involving two or three sets. Use Venn diagrams to illustrate sets and express relationships between them. The following set notation will be utilized: • n(A) indicates the number of elements in set A • ‘… is an element of …’ • ‘… is not an element of …’ • A' denotes the complement of set A • ∅ represents the empty set • Universal set is denoted as U • A ⊆ B indicates that A is a subset of B • A ⊈ B indicates that A is not a subset of B • A ∪ B signifies the union of sets A and B • A ∩ B signifies the intersection of sets A and B. Example definitions of sets include: A = {x: x is a natural number}, B = {(x, y): y = mx + c}, C = {x: a ≤ x ≤ b}, D = {a, b, c, …}.
  • The key ideas to know are Describe, Explain, and State.
  • Use the linked flashcards and practice questions to check recall, then practise applying the idea in an exam-style answer.

Key concepts

DescribeExplainStateShow

Why it matters

This objective helps connect Sets outcomes to exam-style questions, flashcards, and revision notes for Sets.

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Practice Questions7 linked questions

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Paper 2 structured question: Sets

Paper 2Core or Extended Mathematics2 marks

Description

Set Relationships

Using the sets A and B, determine the union and intersection of these sets.

  1. a

    Calculate Find A ∪ B.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]
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