Energy transfers official content key terms

ATP

ATP is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Describe the light-dependent reaction including chlorophyll photoionisation, electron transfer, ATP production, reduced NADP and photolysis..

ATP transfer evidence

Evidence for ATP transfer must be interpreted using data, structures, sequences or observations, then linked to Describe the light-dependent reaction including chlorophyll photoionisation, electron transfer, ATP production, reduced NADP and photolysis. use precise biological terminology and link the evidence to the named A-Level Biology process.

GP

GP is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Describe the Calvin cycle using RuBP, GP, triose phosphate, ATP, reduced NADP and rubisco..

ATP transfer mechanism

The mechanism of ATP transfer explains the causal biological sequence behind Describe the Calvin cycle using RuBP, GP, triose phosphate, ATP, reduced NADP and rubisco, not just a memorised definition.

photosynthesis

photosynthesis is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Identify environmental factors limiting photosynthesis..

photosynthesis mechanism

The mechanism of photosynthesis explains the causal biological sequence behind Identify environmental factors limiting photosynthesis, not just a memorised definition.

evaluate

evaluate is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Evaluate data on agricultural practices used to overcome limiting factors..

Evaluate data on agricultural practices used to overcome limiting factors interpretation

Interpretation of Evaluate data on agricultural practices used to overcome limiting factors means using a graph, table, diagram or experimental observation to justify a conclusion about Evaluate data on agricultural practices used to overcome limiting factors.

practicals

practicals is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Required practicals 7 and 8: investigate leaf pigments by chromatography and dehydrogenase activity in chloroplast extracts..

Practical controlled variable

A controlled variable is kept constant, such as temperature, time, sample size, tissue region or concentration, so the practical conclusion for Required practicals 7 and 8: investigate leaf pigments by chromatography and dehydrogenase activity in chloroplast extracts is valid.

ET-A1 practical method evidence

A practical method using chloroplast DCPIP absorbance must name the independent variable, dependent variable and controlled variable (DCPIP concentration), then evaluate light-dependent reactions with repeats, sample size, representativeness, bias, uncertainty and validity.

ET-B2 practical method evidence

A practical method using respirometer fluid movement must name the independent variable, dependent variable and controlled variable (temperature), then evaluate aerobic respiration with repeats, sample size, representativeness, bias, uncertainty and validity.

Practical dependent variable

The dependent variable is the measurement or observation recorded for Required practical 8: investigate dehydrogenase activity in chloroplast extracts; it is interpreted alongside controls, uncertainty and reliability.

Practical controlled variable

A controlled variable is kept constant, such as temperature, time, sample size, tissue region or concentration, so the practical conclusion for Required practical 8: investigate dehydrogenase activity in chloroplast extracts is valid.

link reaction

link reaction is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Describe glycolysis, the link reaction and the Krebs cycle in respiration..

ET-C3 practical method evidence

A practical method using leaf-disc flotation time must name the independent variable, dependent variable and controlled variable (disc diameter), then evaluate photosynthetic oxygen production with repeats, sample size, representativeness, bias, uncertainty and validity.

oxidative phosphorylation

oxidative phosphorylation is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Explain oxidative phosphorylation using electron transfer, proton gradients and ATP synthase..

ATP transfer evidence

Evidence for ATP transfer must be interpreted using data, structures, sequences or observations, then linked to Explain oxidative phosphorylation using electron transfer, proton gradients and ATP synthase. use precise biological terminology and link the evidence to the named A-Level Biology process.

respiration

respiration is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Explain roles of NAD and FAD in respiration..

respiration mechanism

The mechanism of respiration explains the causal biological sequence behind Explain roles of NAD and FAD in respiration, not just a memorised definition.

respiration

respiration is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Compare aerobic respiration with anaerobic respiration in mammals and yeast..

respiration interpretation

Interpretation of respiration means using a graph, table, diagram or experimental observation to justify a conclusion about Compare aerobic respiration with anaerobic respiration in mammals and yeast.

ET-E5 practical method evidence

A practical method using mitochondrial oxygen electrode must name the independent variable, dependent variable and controlled variable (substrate concentration), then evaluate oxidative phosphorylation with repeats, sample size, representativeness, bias, uncertainty and validity.

ET-D4 practical method evidence

A practical method using yeast carbon dioxide syringe must name the independent variable, dependent variable and controlled variable (yeast mass), then evaluate anaerobic respiration with repeats, sample size, representativeness, bias, uncertainty and validity.

biomass

biomass is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Explain biomass transfer through food chains and food webs..

Explain biomass transfer through food chains and food webs mechanism

The mechanism of Explain biomass transfer through food chains and food webs explains the causal biological sequence behind Explain biomass transfer through food chains and food webs, not just a memorised definition.

net production

net production is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Calculate gross production, net production and respiratory loss where data are provided..

energy transfer in cells evidence 5

Evidence for energy transfer in cells uses DCPIP chloroplast test to link data to ATP, reduced coenzymes, proton gradients, carbon fixation or respiratory substrate use.

trophic level

trophic level is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Explain why energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient..

Explain why energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient interpretation

Interpretation of Explain why energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient means using a graph, table, diagram or experimental observation to justify a conclusion about Explain why energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient.

productivity

productivity is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Evaluate ways to increase productivity in agricultural systems..

Evaluate ways to increase productivity in agricultural systems evidence

Evidence for Evaluate ways to increase productivity in agricultural systems must be interpreted using data, structures, sequences or observations, then linked to Evaluate ways to increase productivity in agricultural systems. use precise biological terminology and link the evidence to the named A-Level Biology process.

decomposition

decomposition is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Explain decomposition by saprobionts and nutrient release..

energy transfer in cells evidence 6

Evidence for energy transfer in cells uses algal culture in a colorimeter to link data to ATP, reduced coenzymes, proton gradients, carbon fixation or respiratory substrate use.

ammonification

ammonification is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Describe nitrogen-cycle processes including ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and denitrification..

Describe nitrogen-cycle processes including ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and denitrification evidence

Evidence for Describe nitrogen-cycle processes including ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and denitrification must be interpreted using data, structures, sequences or observations, then linked to Describe nitrogen-cycle processes including ammonification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation and denitrification. use precise biological terminology and link the evidence to the named A-Level Biology process.

through

through is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Describe phosphorus cycling through rocks, soil, organisms and decomposers..

Describe phosphorus cycling through rocks, soil, organisms and decomposers mechanism

The mechanism of Describe phosphorus cycling through rocks, soil, organisms and decomposers explains the causal biological sequence behind Describe phosphorus cycling through rocks, soil, organisms and decomposers, not just a memorised definition.

decomposition

decomposition is a curriculum-aligned term linked to the learning objective: Explain effects of environmental conditions on decomposition and nutrient cycling..

Explain effects of environmental conditions on decomposition and nutrient cycling interpretation

Interpretation of Explain effects of environmental conditions on decomposition and nutrient cycling means using a graph, table, diagram or experimental observation to justify a conclusion about Explain effects of environmental conditions on decomposition and nutrient cycling.