Learning objective
Explain how base-sequence changes can alter amino acid sequences.
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Topic
Control of gene expression official content
Subtopic
Alteration of the sequence of bases in DNA can alter the structure of proteins
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Quick explanation
Explain how base-sequence changes can alter amino acid sequences
- This point belongs to Control of gene expression official content, especially Alteration of the sequence of bases in DNA can alter the structure of proteins.
- You need to be able to explain how base-sequence changes can alter amino acid sequences.
- The key ideas to know are amino acid sequence.
- Use the linked flashcards and practice questions to check recall, then practise applying the idea in an exam-style answer.
Key concepts
Why it matters
This objective helps connect Alteration of the sequence of bases in DNA can alter the structure of proteins to exam-style questions, flashcards, and revision notes for Control of gene expression official content.
Quick student answer
Which of the following best describes how a mutation in the DNA sequence can affect protein structure?
Direct answer
A. It can change the order of amino acids in a protein.
Key terms
- Base Substitution: A type of mutation where one base pair in the DNA sequence is replaced by another, potentially altering the amino acid sequence of a protein.
- Frameshift Mutation: A mutation caused by insertions or deletions of nucleotides that shifts the reading frame of the genetic code, often resulting in a completely different protein.
Common trap
Confusing mutations with all changes in protein structure: Clarify that not all changes in protein structure are due to mutations; some can occur due to environmental factors or post-translational modifications.
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Revision notestopic notes
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Open revision notesRelated learning objectives
- Relate altered amino acid sequences to protein structure and function.
Alteration of the sequence of bases in DNA can alter the structure of proteins
- Explain how mutations can affect phenotype.
Alteration of the sequence of bases in DNA can alter the structure of proteins
- Interpret mutation information in unfamiliar contexts.
Alteration of the sequence of bases in DNA can alter the structure of proteins
- Explain that cell specialisation results from translation of only part of the DNA.
Most of a cell's DNA is not translated
- Distinguish totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent and unipotent cells.
Most of a cell's DNA is not translated