Group 7(17), the halogens key terms

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the external pressure surrounding the liquid.

Oxidising agent

A substance that gains electrons in a chemical reaction and is reduced.

Electronegativity

A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

Displacement Reaction

A reaction where a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound.

Reactivity Series

A list of elements ordered by their reactivity, with more reactive elements at the top.

Displacement Reaction

A chemical reaction where one element replaces another in a compound.

Ionic Equation

An equation that shows the ions involved in a chemical reaction, omitting the spectator ions.

Silver Nitrate

A chemical compound (AgNO3) used to test for halide ions by forming precipitates.

Precipitate

An insoluble solid that forms when two solutions react, often observed as a color change.

Disinfection

The process of eliminating or reducing harmful microorganisms from a surface or substance, particularly in water treatment.

Hypochlorite

An ion (OCl-) formed when chlorine reacts with water, which is used as a disinfectant in water treatment.

Disproportionation

A chemical reaction in which a single substance is simultaneously oxidized and reduced, forming two different products.

Hypochlorite

An ion (ClO−) formed when chlorine reacts with hydroxide ions, often used in disinfectants.

Disinfection

The process of killing or inactivating harmful microorganisms in water.

Chlorination

The addition of chlorine to water to disinfect it and make it safe for consumption.