Alcohols Key Terms

Fermentation

The metabolic process that converts sugars to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen.

Hydration

A chemical reaction in which water is added to a substance, often resulting in the formation of an alcohol.

Combustion

A chemical reaction that occurs when a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, producing heat and light.

Stoichiometry

The calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced chemical equation.

Oxidation

The process of losing electrons or increasing the oxidation state, often involving the addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen.

Ketone

A functional group characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms.

E1 mechanism

A two-step elimination mechanism involving the formation of a carbocation intermediate followed by deprotonation.

E2 mechanism

A one-step elimination mechanism where the base abstracts a proton while the leaving group departs simultaneously.

Fermentation

A metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol using microorganisms, typically yeast.

Oxidation

A chemical reaction that involves the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state, often involving the addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogen.