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Contemporary urban environments
One optional Component 2 Section C route.
0
Objectives
10
Flashcards
10
Questions
90 min
Study time
AqaA LevelGeographyContemporary urban environments
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Urbanisation3 objectives
- Explain global patterns and processes of urbanisation.
- Distinguish urbanisation, suburbanisation, counter-urbanisation and re-urbanisation.
- Analyse the growth and changing roles of megacities and world cities.
Urban forms3 objectives
- Analyse factors shaping urban form and land-use patterns.
- Explain social and economic segregation within urban areas.
- Compare formal and informal processes shaping contrasting cities.
Social and economic issues associated with urbanisation3 objectives
- Analyse urban patterns of economic and social well-being.
- Explain causes and consequences of deprivation, housing pressure and social exclusion.
- Evaluate policies intended to improve social cohesion and urban quality of life.
Urban climate3 objectives
- Explain causes and spatial patterns of the urban heat island.
- Analyse urban impacts on precipitation, wind and air quality.
- Evaluate strategies for managing urban climate and atmospheric pollution.
Urban drainage3 objectives
- Explain how urbanisation changes drainage-basin stores and flows.
- Analyse causes and impacts of urban flood risk.
- Evaluate sustainable drainage and a specified river-restoration project.
Urban waste and its disposal3 objectives
- Explain relationships among urban waste generation, consumption and economic characteristics.
- Compare environmental impacts of alternative waste-disposal approaches.
- Evaluate incineration and landfill in a specified urban area.
Other contemporary urban environmental issues3 objectives
- Analyse causes and impacts of atmospheric pollution, water pollution and dereliction.
- Compare environmental problems in contrasting urban areas.
- Evaluate management strategies and environmental-justice outcomes.
Sustainable urban development3 objectives
- Explain natural, physical, social and economic dimensions of urban sustainability.
- Analyse ecological footprints and local-global environmental impacts of cities.
- Evaluate opportunities, challenges and strategies for more sustainable cities.
Case studies3 objectives
- Compare economic and social well-being in two contrasting urban areas.
- Compare physical environmental conditions and their impacts.
- Evaluate sustainability and residents' experiences using located evidence.
Key terms
UrbanisationMegacitySuburbanisationUrban SprawlMigrationUrbanizationSuburbanizationUrban PolicyDisplacementZoningSquatter settlementUrban sprawl
Exam tips
- Use specific examples: When discussing urbanisation, always support your points with specific examples from different regions or cities.
- Use specific examples: When discussing urbanisation processes, always refer to specific urban areas or case studies to support your points.
Common mistakes
- Confusing urbanisation with urban growth: Clarify that urbanisation is a demographic process, while urban growth can be measured in terms of land area or population.
- Confusing urbanisation with suburbanisation: Urbanisation specifically refers to the growth of urban areas, while suburbanisation involves the outward expansion to suburban regions.
Practice preview
- Which of the following regions has experienced the highest rate of urbanisation in the last two decades?
- Explain two factors that contribute to urbanisation in developing countries.
- Using data from the UN, evaluate the implications of urbanisation on infrastructure in megacities.
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