The Liberal crisis, 1906–1914 Key Terms

Liberalism

A political ideology that emphasizes individual freedoms, limited government, and free markets.

Social Reform

Legislative measures aimed at improving social conditions, particularly for the working class.

Staple Industries

Traditional sectors of the economy, such as textiles and coal mining, that were foundational to Britain's economic structure.

New Industries

Emerging sectors like chemicals and electrical engineering that began to grow in importance during the early 20th century.

National Insurance

A system introduced by the Liberal government that provided financial support for workers in times of unemployment or sickness.

Old Age Pensions

A form of social security introduced in 1908 that provided financial assistance to elderly citizens, marking a significant step in welfare reform.

Constitutional Crisis

A period of political instability in the UK during which the powers and functions of the government were challenged, particularly regarding the House of Lords.

Industrial Unrest

A term used to describe strikes, protests, and other forms of worker discontent that emerged in response to poor working conditions and low wages.