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Confrontation and cooperation, c1963–1972 (A-level only)

from Détente to the end of the Cold War, c1963–1991 (A-: Confrontation and cooperation, c1963–1972 (A-level only)

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AqaA LevelHistory2R The Cold War, c1945–1991

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Confrontation and cooperation, c1963–1972 (A-level only)4 objectives

Confrontation in the Vietnam War: Johnson's policy in Vietnam; the Gulf of Tonkin resolution; escalation; tactics and relative strengths of the two sides; the Tet Offensive.
Nixon's policies in Vietnam: Vietnamisation; extension into Cambodia and Laos; relations with China; the beginning of the Paris peace talks.
Cooperation: attitudes of Khrushchev and Kennedy; Hot-line; Moscow Test Ban Treaty; nuclear non-proliferation treaty; cut back in materials for nuclear weapons.
Pressures on USSR: the crisis in Czechoslovakia and the Brezhnev doctrine; relations with China.

EscalationViet CongCambodia IncursionPing Pong DiplomacyNuclear Test Ban TreatyNuclear Non-Proliferation TreatyPrague SpringBrezhnev Doctrine

Use specific examples in your answers: When discussing events like the Tet Offensive or Johnson's policies, include specific details and outcomes to strengthen your argument.
Use Specific Examples: When discussing Nixon's policies, always include specific examples such as the Cambodia Incursion or the Paris Peace Talks.

Confusing the Gulf of Tonkin incident with the Tet Offensive: Remember that the Gulf of Tonkin incident in 1964 led to increased U.S. involvement, while the Tet Offensive in 1968 was a major military campaign that shifted public opinion.
Confusing Vietnamization with Escalation: Vietnamization was about reducing U.S. troop presence, while escalation involved increasing military forces and operations.

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