Study Stalin's modernisation of the USSR, including collectivisation, Five Year Plans, social and economic consequences for Kulaks, city dwellers, women, professional workers and industrial workers, and the extent of modernisation.

Chronology anchor: Part three: Stalin's USSR in AC Russia, 1894-1945: Tsardom and communism (Paper 1 Section A: Period studies) provides the direct anchor for this learning objective. Students focus on Study Stalin's modernisation of the USSR, including collectivisation, Five Year Plans, social and economic consequences for Kulaks, city dwellers, women, professional workers and industrial workers, and the extent of modernisation. The explanation should use the subtopic wording, the relevant period, named events or individuals where appropriate, and precise historical evidence. It should then separate cause from consequence, change from continuity, and significance from importance while keeping sources, interpretations, evidence and opinion distinct.