Particle model of matter

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Sample objectives

What this unit covers

• Changes of state and the particle model: Identify density in kilograms per metre cubed or grams per centimetre cubed, mass in kilograms or grams and volume in metres cubed or centimetres cubed.
• Changes of state and the particle model: Rearrange the density equation to solve for mass, volume or density.
• Changes of state and the particle model: Explain melting using increased particle energy and changed particle arrangement.
• Changes of state and the particle model: Explain condensing using decreased particle energy and closer particle arrangement.
• Internal energy and energy transfers: Define internal energy as the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all particles in a system.
• Internal energy and energy transfers: Explain why energy transfer can change temperature without changing state.
• Internal energy and energy transfers: Define specific heat capacity as the energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a substance by one degree Celsius.
• Internal energy and energy transfers: Identify change in thermal energy in joules, mass in kilograms, specific heat capacity in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius and temperature change in degrees Celsius.
• Internal energy and energy transfers: Apply MS 4a and MS 4c skills when interpreting graphs of temperature against time.
• Internal energy and energy transfers: Calculate specific latent heat when energy transferred and mass are known.
• Particle model and pressure: Explain that faster gas particles collide more often and with greater force.
• Particle model and pressure: Use the particle model to explain why gas pressure increases when temperature increases at constant volume.
• Particle model and pressure: (Physics only) Explain why increasing the volume of a gas at constant temperature decreases its pressure.
• Particle model and pressure: (Physics only) State that pressure multiplied by volume is constant for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature.
• Particle model and pressure: (Physics only) (HT only) Explain that increasing internal energy can increase the temperature of a gas.
• Particle model and pressure: (Physics only) (HT only) Apply conservation of energy reasoning to work done on a gas.