If 500 J of energy is used to heat 1 kg of water with a specific heat capacity of 4200 J/kg°C, what is the resulting temperature change (Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity)

The correct answer is 0.12°C.

Cause lens: Name the cause, then state the effect on particles, pressure, density, or energy. This question asks: If 500 J of energy is used to heat 1 kg of water with a specific heat capacity of 4200 J/kg°C, what is the resulting temperature change (Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity). The correct response is 0.12°C, because density links mass and volume, so the answer must preserve which quantity is being calculated. In Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity, the marking point should connect directly to calculate temperature change when energy change, mass and specific heat capacity are known. If the question includes values, the working must keep the appropriate unit and operation; if it is an explanation, it must name the relevant particle behaviour or energy change. This item belongs to Internal energy and energy transfers, so avoid answers that switch to a different quantity, confuse heat with temperature, or describe gas pressure without collisions when collisions are the reason. Checkpoint 316 is distinct because it uses this exact question context and the cause lens rather than a generic particle-model sentence.