If 500 J of energy is transferred to 2 kg of water, and the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg°C, what is the temperature change (Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity) (Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity; definition focus: Identify change in thermal energy in joules, mass in kilograms, specific heat capacity in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius and temperature change in degrees Celsius) (Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity; definition focus: Identify change in thermal energy in joules, mass in kilograms, specific heat capacity in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius and temperature change in degrees Celsius)

The correct answer is 0.06°C.

Comparison lens: State both sides of the comparison so the contrast is explicit rather than implied. This question asks: If 500 J of energy is transferred to 2 kg of water, and the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg°C, what is the temperature change (Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity) (Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity; definition focus: Identify change in thermal energy in joules, mass in kilograms, specific heat capacity in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius and temperature change in degrees Celsius) (Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity; definition focus: Identify change in thermal energy in joules, mass in kilograms, specific heat capacity in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius and temperature change in degrees Celsius). The correct response is 0.06°C, because density links mass and volume, so the answer must preserve which quantity is being calculated. In Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity, the marking point should connect directly to identify change in thermal energy in joules, mass in kilograms, specific heat capacity in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius and temperature change in degrees Celsius. If the question includes values, the working must keep the appropriate unit and operation; if it is an explanation, it must name the relevant particle behaviour or energy change. This item belongs to Internal energy and energy transfers, so avoid answers that switch to a different quantity, confuse heat with temperature, or describe gas pressure without collisions when collisions are the reason. Checkpoint 293 is distinct because it uses this exact question context and the comparison lens rather than a generic particle-model sentence.