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Genetic modification
Explain genetic modification as the alteration of an organism's genetic material by adding, changing, or removing specific genes.
4
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40
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28
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90 min
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CambridgeIGCSEBiologyBiotechnology and genetic modification
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Genetic modification outcomes4 objectives
- Explain genetic modification as the alteration of an organism's genetic material by adding, changing, or removing specific genes.
- Provide examples of genetic modification, such as: (a) adding human genes to bacteria to create human proteins (b) adding genes to crops for herbicide resistance (c) adding genes to crops for insect pest resistance (d) adding genes to crops to enhance nutritional value.
- Summarize the genetic modification process using the example of producing a human protein in bacteria, including: (a) isolating human gene DNA with restriction enzymes to create sticky ends (b) cutting bacterial plasmid DNA with the same enzymes to create complementary sticky ends (c) inserting human DNA into plasmid DNA with DNA ligase to create a recombinant plasmid (d) introducing recombinant plasmids into bacteria (specific details are not necessary) (e) multiplying bacteria with recombinant plasmids (f) expressing the human gene in bacteria to produce the human protein.
- Evaluate the pros and cons of genetically modifying crops, including examples like soya, maize, and rice.
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