Coordination and response

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Sample objectives

What this unit covers

• Coordination and response: Electrical signals move along nerve cells called neurones.
• Coordination and response: The mammalian nervous system includes the central nervous system (CNS), which is made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which consists of nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.
• Sense organs: Explain that sense organs consist of groups of receptor cells that react to specific types of stimuli such as light, sound, touch, temperature, and chemicals.
• Sense organs: Recognize and label the components of the eye in diagrams and images, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, optic nerve, and blind spot.
• Hormones: A hormone is a chemical substance produced by a gland that is transported by the blood and modifies the function of specific target organs.
• Hormones: In diagrams and images, identify specific endocrine glands and name the hormones they produce, including: (a) adrenal glands producing adrenaline (b) pancreas producing insulin (c) testes producing testosterone (d) ovaries producing oestrogen.
• Homeostasis: Explain homeostasis as the process of keeping a stable internal environment.
• Homeostasis: Indicate that insulin lowers the concentration of glucose in the blood.
• Tropic responses: Explain gravitropism as a plant response where certain parts grow towards or away from gravitational pull.
• Tropic responses: Explain phototropism as a plant response where certain parts grow towards or away from the light source.