Organisms and their environment

Topics

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Sample objectives

What this unit covers

• Energy flow: Identify the Sun as the main source of energy for biological systems.
• Energy flow: Explain how energy moves through living organisms, starting from sunlight and chemical energy within organisms, and ultimately being transferred to the environment.
• Food chains and food webs: Explain that a food chain illustrates how energy is transferred from one organism to another, starting with a producer.
• Food chains and food webs: Create and analyze basic food chains.
• Nutrient cycles: Explain the carbon cycle, focusing on processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition, the creation of fossil fuels, and combustion.
• Nutrient cycles: Explain the nitrogen cycle, including aspects like the breakdown of plant and animal proteins into ammonium ions, nitrification, nitrogen fixation through lightning and bacteria, how plants absorb nitrate ions, the creation of amino acids and proteins, the digestion of proteins, deamination, and denitrification.
• Populations: A population consists of individuals of the same species that inhabit a specific area simultaneously.
• Populations: A community is made up of all the different species populations that coexist within an ecosystem.