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Cambridge IGCSE Environmental Management practice

Paper 1 structured question: Measuring and managing biodiversity

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Topic

Measuring and managing biodiversity

Exam-style question

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Paper 1TheoryPractical5 marks

A conservation group is studying the effects of deforestation in a tropical rainforest region.

Results Table

Deforestation Effects Data

The table shows changes in species numbers and soil quality over five years after deforestation.

YearNumber of Bird SpeciesSoil Nutrient Level (%)
050100
14085
23070
32560
42050
51540
  1. a

    Describe the trend in bird species numbers over the five years.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]
  2. b

    Explain how deforestation might cause the decrease in soil nutrient levels shown in the table.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]
  3. c

    Suggest one conservation strategy that could help protect biodiversity in this area.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]

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Paper 1 structured question: Measuring and managing biodiversity

Paper 1TheoryPractical5 marks

Method

Pitfall Trap Sampling Method

The student places 10 pitfall traps randomly across the woodland. Each trap is a small container sunk into the ground to catch beetles moving on the surface. Traps are left open for 24 hours before counting the beetles caught.

  1. a

    Identify the independent variable in this investigation.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  2. b

    Suggest one control variable that should be kept constant to ensure a fair test.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]
  3. c

    Explain why the student should repeat the sampling at each location.

    Aim for approximately 2 distinct marking points.

    [2]
  4. d

    Describe one safety consideration when setting pitfall traps in the woodland.

    Aim for approximately 1 distinct marking point.

    [1]