Area of Study 1G: Sikhism Study Guide

In Sikhism, marriage, known as Anand Karaj ('Blissful Union'), is considered a sacred institution rather than merely a social contract. It marks the union of two souls who are seen as spiritually one, seeking to progress together on their path to God. The ceremony is conducted in the presence of the Guru Granth Sahib, the holy scripture, and involves circumambulating it four times, each circuit (Lavan) representing a stage of spiritual development. Family life within Sikhism emphasizes equality between spouses, mutual respect, and the raising of children with Sikh values, promoting community (Sangat) and selfless service (Seva). Divorce is discouraged and rare, though not strictly forbidden in cases of extreme hardship, reflecting the lifelong commitment fostered by Anand Karaj. The family unit is crucial for passing on faith and ethical teachings, upholding the principles of earning an honest living (Kirat Karni), sharing with others (Vand Chhakna), and meditating on God (Naam Japna).

Sikhism holds a distinct view on life and death, rooted in the concept of reincarnation (transmigration of the soul) and the ultimate goal of merging with God (Waheguru). Life is seen as a precious opportunity to develop spiritually and overcome ego (haumai) through ethical living, devotion, and selfless service (seva). Death is not an end but a transition of the soul, part of a continuous cycle until moksha (liberation) is achieved. This understanding influences Sikh attitudes towards issues like abortion, euthanasia, and organ donation, generally favouring actions that respect the sanctity of life and the divine spark within every being, while also considering compassion and the well-being of the community.