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Global challenges
Revision and exam practice for Global challenges.
43
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10
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10
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90 min
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OcrGcseChemistry A GatewayGlobal challenges
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43 objective pages available
Metal Extraction and the Reactivity Series1 objectives
- Develop secure knowledge and application of explain, using the position of carbon in the reactivity series, the principles of industrial processes used to extract metals, including extraction of a non-ferrous metal
Electrolytic Extraction of Metals from Ores1 objectives
- Account for why and how electrolysis is used to extract some metals from their ores.
Evaluating Biological Methods of Metal Extraction (Higher)1 objectives
- Judge using evidence alternative biological methods of metal extraction.
Higher: Optimising Industrial Chemical Processes: The Rate vs. Equilibrium Trade-Off1 objectives
- Account for the trade-off between rate of production of a desired product and position of equilibrium in some industrially important processes.
Interpreting Reaction Rate Graphs (Higher)1 objectives
- Draw supported meaning from graphs of reaction conditions versus rate.
Commercial Industrial Process Conditions (Higher)1 objectives
- Account for the way the commercially used conditions for an industrial process are related to the availability and cost of raw materials and energy supplies, control of equilibrium position and rate.
The Importance of the Haber Process in Agriculture1 objectives
- Account for the importance of the Haber process in agricultural production.
Comparing Industrial and Laboratory Fertiliser Production1 objectives
- Identify meaningful similarities and differences in the industrial production of fertilisers with laboratory syntheses of the same products.
The importance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compounds in agriculture1 objectives
- Retrieve and apply knowledge of the importance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds in agricultural production.
Industrial Production of Fertilisers1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the industrial production of fertilisers as several integrated processes using a variety of raw materials.
Understanding Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the basic principles in carrying out a life-cycle assessment of a material or product.
Interpreting Life Cycle Assessment Data1 objectives
- Draw supported meaning from data from a life-cycle assessment of a material or product.
Recycling Materials for Different Uses (Upcycling)1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of a process where a material or product is recycled for a different use, and explain why this is viable.
Factors Affecting Recycling Decisions1 objectives
- Judge using evidence factors that affect decisions on recycling.
Alloys: Composition, Properties, and Uses1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the composition of some important alloys in relation to their properties and uses.
Understanding Corrosion and its Conditions1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the process of corrosion and the conditions which cause corrosion.
Mitigation of Corrosion: Physical Barriers and Sacrificial Protection1 objectives
- Account for the way mitigation of corrosion is achieved by creating a physical barrier to oxygen and water and by sacrificial protection.
Comparing Physical Properties of Materials1 objectives
- Identify meaningful similarities and differences in quantitatively the physical properties of glass and clay ceramics, polymers, composites and metals.
Understanding Material Properties and Their Uses1 objectives
- Account for the way the properties of materials are related to their uses and select appropriate materials given details of the usage required.
Understanding Functional Groups and Homologous Series in Organic Chemistry1 objectives
- Develop knowledge and skill in functional groups and identify members of the same homologous series.
Understanding and Drawing Structural Formulae of Organic Compounds1 objectives
- Develop knowledge and skill in and draw the structural formulae, using fully displayed formulae, of the first four members of the straight chain alkanes, alkenes, alcohols and carboxylic acids.
Predicting Products: Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alcohols1 objectives
- Use evidence to predict the formulae and structures of products of reactions of the first four and other given members of the homologous series of alkanes, alkenes and alcohols.
Understanding Addition Polymerisation1 objectives
- Retrieve and apply knowledge of the basic principles of addition polymerisation by reference to the functional group in the monomer and the repeating units in the polymer.
Condensation Polymerisation (Higher)1 objectives
- Account for the basic principles of condensation polymerisation.
Higher: Condensation Polymerisation Practical Techniques1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of practical techniques to make a polymer by condensation.
Understanding Addition Polymers and their Monomers1 objectives
- Develop knowledge and skill in the structure of an addition polymer from a simple alkene monomer and vice versa.
Natural Polymers: DNA, Sugars, and Amino Acids1 objectives
- Retrieve and apply knowledge of DNA is a polymer made from four different monomers called nucleotides and that other important naturally-occurring polymers are based on sugars and amino-acids.
Understanding Functional Groups and Reactivity in Organic Chemistry1 objectives
- Retrieve and apply knowledge of it is the generality of reactions of functional groups that determine the reactions of organic compounds.
Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the separation of crude oil by fractional distillation.
Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil1 objectives
- Account for the separation of crude oil by fractional distillation.
Understanding Crude Oil Fractions as Alkane Mixtures1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the fractions as largely a mixture of compounds of formula C H which are n 2n+2 members of the alkane homologous series.
Crude Oil as a Hydrocarbon Source and Petrochemical Feedstock1 objectives
- Retrieve and apply knowledge of crude oil is a main source of hydrocarbons and is a feedstock for the petrochemical industry.
Hydrocarbons: Our Reliance and Finite Nature of Crude Oil1 objectives
- Account for the way modern life is crucially dependent upon hydrocarbons and recognise that crude oil is a finite resource.
Cracking: Making Useful Materials from Crude Oil1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the production of materials that are more useful by cracking.
How Chemical Cells Produce Electrical Energy1 objectives
- Retrieve and apply knowledge of a chemical cell produces a potential difference until the reactants are used up.
Fuel Cells: Advantages and Disadvantages1 objectives
- Judge using evidence the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen/oxygen and other fuel cells for given uses.
Understanding the Formation of Earth's Early Atmosphere1 objectives
- Draw supported meaning from evidence for how it is thought the atmosphere was originally formed.
The Development of an Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the way it is thought an oxygen-rich atmosphere developed over time.
The Greenhouse Effect1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the greenhouse effect in terms of the interaction of radiation with matter within the atmosphere.
Evidence for Anthropogenic Climate Change and Uncertainties1 objectives
- Judge using evidence the evidence for additional anthropogenic (human activity) causes of climate change and describe the uncertainties in the evidence base.
Carbon Dioxide, Methane, and Climate Change1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the potential effects of increased levels of carbon dioxide and methane on the Earth’s climate and how these effects may be mitigated.
Atmospheric Pollutants and Their Impacts1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the major sources of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and particulates in the atmosphere and explain the problems caused by increased amounts of these substances.
Producing Potable Water: Methods and Separation Techniques1 objectives
- Communicate the key features of the principal methods for increasing the availability of potable water in terms of the separation techniques used.
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Practice preview
- A company manufactures plastic chairs. They conduct a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to compare two different designs, Chair A and Chair B, focusing on their carbon footprint across key stages. The results are shown in the table below: | LCA Stage | Chair A (kg CO₂ equivalent) | Chair B (kg CO₂ equivalent) | |------------------------|-----------------------------|-----------------------------| | Raw Material Extraction| 3.2 | 2.8 | | Manufacturing | 5.8 | 6.5 | | Transport & Packaging | 1.5 | 1.2 | | Use & Maintenance | 0.1 | 0.1 | | Disposal | 0.4 | 0.3 | 1. Calculate the total carbon footprint for Chair A and Chair B. 2. Identify which stage contributes the most to the carbon footprint for Chair A. 3. Based on the data, state which chair has a lower overall environmental impact in terms of carbon footprint. Justify your answer. [6 marks]
- Describe the composition, key properties, and a typical use for stainless steel and brass. [6 marks]
- Which nutrient is most directly involved in regulating water movement and improving disease resistance in plants?
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