Henry VIII, 1485–1509 key terms

Tudor dynasty

The royal house of Tudor, which ruled England from 1485 to 1603, beginning with Henry VII and ending with Elizabeth I.

Battle of Bosworth Field

The decisive battle in 1485 that led to the defeat of Richard III and the rise of Henry VII, marking the end of the Wars of the Roses.

Royal Finance

The management of the crown's income and expenditures, crucial for maintaining the monarchy's power.

Parliament

The legislative body in England that Henry VIII used to pass laws and raise taxes.

Marriage Alliance

A strategic union between two royal families to strengthen political ties and secure peace.

Succession

The process of inheriting a throne or title, crucial for maintaining stability in a monarchy.

Nobility

The social class that held titles and land, often wielding significant political power during Henry VIII's reign.

Commoners

The majority of the population in Tudor England, including peasants and urban workers, who had limited rights and privileges.

Inflation

A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

Trade routes

Paths followed by traders to transport goods between regions.

Humanism

A Renaissance cultural movement that emphasized the study of classical texts and human potential.

Reformation

A religious movement in the 16th century that led to the establishment of Protestant churches and significant changes in Christian doctrine.