Revolution, 1629–1649 key terms

Arminianism

A theological doctrine that emphasizes free will in the context of salvation, opposing the Calvinist view of predestination.

Laudianism

The religious reforms associated with Archbishop William Laud, characterized by a focus on ceremonial worship and the authority of the Church of England.

Arminianism

A theological stance that emphasizes free will and the possibility of salvation for all, which was supported by Charles I and opposed by many Puritans.

Royalists

Supporters of King Charles I during the English Civil War, also known as Cavaliers.

Royalists

Supporters of King Charles I during the English Civil War, also known as Cavaliers.

Parliamentarians

Opponents of King Charles I, who sought to limit the power of the monarchy and were also known as Roundheads.

Radicalism

A political ideology advocating for fundamental change in society, often through revolutionary means.

Popular Sovereignty

The principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people.

Cromwellian Protectorate

The period of governance under Oliver Cromwell from 1653 to 1658, marked by military rule and significant political changes.

Rump Parliament

The remaining members of the Long Parliament after Pride's Purge in 1648, which played a key role in the trial and execution of Charles I.

Regicide

The act of killing a king, particularly in reference to the execution of Charles I in 1649.

Covenanters

Scottish Presbyterians who opposed Charles I's religious policies and played a significant role in the conflicts leading to the Civil War.