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The Directory and Napoleon's rise to power, 1795–1799 key terms

Study The Directory and Napoleon's rise to power, 1795–1799 with curriculum-aligned Key Terms resources, practice links, and exam-focused support.

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The Directory and Napoleon's rise to power, 1795–1799

AqaA LevelHistory2H France in Revolution, 1774–1815 (A-level only)

Key terms

  • White Terror

    The period of violence against perceived enemies of the Revolution, particularly targeting Jacobins and former revolutionaries, occurring after the fall of Robespierre.

  • Coup of 18 Brumaire

    The coup d'état led by Napoleon Bonaparte on November 9, 1799, which effectively ended the Directory and established the Consulate.

  • Directory

    The government of France from 1795 to 1799, characterized by a bicameral legislature and an executive of five directors.

  • Coup d'état

    A sudden and illegal seizure of power, exemplified by Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory in 1799.

  • Coup of 18 Brumaire

    The coup d'état that brought Napoleon Bonaparte to power in France on November 9, 1799, ending the Directory.

  • Treaty of Campo Formio

    The 1797 treaty that ended the war between France and Austria, resulting in significant territorial gains for France.

  • Consulate

    The government established in France after the coup of Brumaire, led by Napoleon as First Consul.

  • Directory

    The governing body of France from 1795 until the coup of Brumaire in 1799, marked by political instability and corruption.