Great Powers: Britain, Germany, France, Russia and Austria-Hungary, c1890–1900 key terms

Liberal Democracy

A political system characterized by free and fair elections, the rule of law, and the protection of individual rights.

Autocracy

A system of government in which one person or a small group holds absolute power, often without constitutional accountability.

Industrialization

The process of developing industries in a country or region on a wide scale, which significantly transformed economies and societies in the late 19th century.

Balance of Power

A political situation in which no one nation is powerful enough to pose a threat to others, often maintained through alliances and military strength.

Nationalism

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation, often leading to the desire for independence or self-governance.

Imperialism

The policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means.

Entente Cordiale

A series of agreements between Britain and France in 1904 that resolved colonial disputes and marked the end of their historical rivalry.

Triple Alliance

The military alliance formed in 1882 between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, aimed at countering the influence of France and Russia.