Variation and evolution exam tips

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe how the genome and interaction with the environment influence phenotype..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to define variation as differences in characteristics between individuals in a population..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that variation may be caused by inherited genes..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that variation may be caused by environmental conditions during development..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that variation may be caused by a combination of genes and environment..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to state that there is usually extensive genetic variation within a population of a species..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to recall that all variants arise from mutations..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe that most mutations have no effect on phenotype, some influence phenotype, and very few determine phenotype..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Variation exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain how a rare mutation producing a suitable new phenotype can lead to a relatively rapid change in a species..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Variation.

Evolution exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe evolution as a change in inherited characteristics of a population over time..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Evolution.

Evolution exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that evolution occurs through natural selection..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Evolution.

Evolution exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that natural selection may result in the formation of a new species..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Evolution.

Evolution exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to state that living species evolved from simple life forms that first developed more than three billion years ago..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Evolution.

Evolution exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain how variants with phenotypes best suited to an environment are selected..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Evolution.

Evolution exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that selected individuals are more likely to survive, breed and pass on characteristics..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Evolution.

Evolution exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that two populations form new species if phenotype differences mean they can no longer interbreed to produce fertile offspring..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Evolution.

Evolution exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to use the theory of evolution by natural selection in an explanation..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Evolution.

Selective breeding exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe selective breeding as humans breeding plants and animals for particular genetic characteristics..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Selective breeding.

Selective breeding exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain the impact of selective breeding on food plants and domesticated animals..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Selective breeding.

Selective breeding exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe choosing parents with desired characteristics from a mixed population..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Selective breeding.

Selective breeding exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that selected parents are bred, then offspring with desired characteristics are bred over many generations..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Selective breeding.

Selective breeding exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to identify useful or appearance-based traits selected by humans, including disease resistance, more meat or milk, gentle dog nature and large or unusual flowers..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Selective breeding.

Selective breeding exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that selective breeding can lead to inbreeding..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Selective breeding.

Selective breeding exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that inbreeding can make some breeds prone to disease or inherited defects..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Selective breeding.

Selective breeding exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain benefits, risks and ethical issues of selective breeding when given appropriate information..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Selective breeding.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe genetic engineering as modifying the genome of an organism by introducing a gene from another organism..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that genetic engineering can give an organism a desired characteristic..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe crop plants engineered for disease resistance or bigger and better fruits..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe bacterial cells engineered to produce useful substances such as human insulin..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain potential benefits and risks of genetic engineering in agriculture..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain potential benefits and risks of genetic engineering in medicine..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe objections some people have to genetic engineering and GM crops..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that GM crops may be resistant to insect attack or herbicides and may have increased yields..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain concerns about effects of GM crops on wild flowers, insects and human health..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe (HT only) that enzymes isolate the required gene in genetic engineering..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe (HT only) inserting the required gene into a vector such as a bacterial plasmid or virus..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe (HT only) using the vector to insert the gene into the required cells at an early stage of development..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to interpret information about genetic engineering techniques and make informed judgements about cloning, genetic engineering and GM crops..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Genetic engineering.

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe tissue culture as using small groups of plant cells to grow identical new plants..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain why tissue culture is useful for preserving rare plant species and commercial nurseries..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe cuttings as an older simple method for producing identical new plants from a parent plant..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe embryo transplants as splitting cells from an early animal embryo and transplanting identical embryos into host mothers..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe adult cell cloning by removing the nucleus from an unfertilised egg cell..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe inserting the nucleus from an adult body cell into the enucleated egg cell..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that an electric shock stimulates the egg cell to divide to form an embryo..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain that embryo cells from adult cell cloning contain the same genetic information as the adult body cell..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to describe inserting the embryo into a womb after it has developed into a ball of cells..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).

Cloning (biology only) exam tip 1

Use precise biological vocabulary when you explain how to explain potential benefits and risks of cloning in agriculture and medicine and ethical objections..

This keeps your answer tightly aligned to the approved learning objective for Cloning (biology only).