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The mole and the Avogadro constant
Identify that concentration can be expressed in grams per cubic decimeter (g/dm³) or moles per cubic decimeter (mol/dm³).
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The mole and the Avogadro constant outcomes8 objectives
- Identify that concentration can be expressed in grams per cubic decimeter (g/dm³) or moles per cubic decimeter (mol/dm³).
- Recognize that the mole (mol) is the unit for measuring the amount of substance, and that one mole contains approximately 6.02 x 10²³ particles, known as the Avogadro constant, which can refer to atoms, ions, or molecules.
- Apply the equation mass (g) = amount of substance (mol) × molar mass (g/mol) to determine: (a) amount of substance, (b) mass, (c) molar mass, (d) relative atomic or molecular/formula mass, and (e) number of particles, using the Avogadro constant.
- Utilize the molar gas volume of 24 dm³ at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.) in calculations related to gases.
- Determine stoichiometric reacting masses, identify limiting reactants, and calculate volumes of gases at r.t.p., as well as the volumes and concentrations of solutions expressed in g/dm³ and mol/dm³, including conversions between cm³ and dm³.
- Analyze experimental data from a titration to find the moles of solute, or to determine the concentration or volume of a solution.
- Calculate empirical and molecular formulae based on provided data.
- Compute percentage yield, percentage composition by mass, and percentage purity using relevant data.
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