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The Restoration of Royal Authority, 1154–1166 key terms
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The Restoration of Royal Authority, 1154–1166
Key terms
Royal Authority
The power and legitimacy of the monarchy to govern and enforce laws, which was significantly challenged during the Anarchy.
The Anarchy
A period of civil war in England from 1135 to 1154, characterized by the conflict between King Stephen and Empress Matilda.
Barons
Noble landowners who held significant power and influence in medieval England, often challenging royal authority.
Feudal System
A hierarchical system of land ownership and duties in medieval society, which Henry II sought to reform to strengthen royal power.
Tithes
A form of tax, typically one-tenth of a person's income, paid to the Church, which provided financial support to the monarchy.
Ecclesiastical courts
Church courts that handled cases related to moral and spiritual matters, often reinforcing the authority of the monarchy.
Angevin Empire
The collection of territories ruled by Henry II, including England, Normandy, and parts of France.
Common Law
A legal system based on court decisions and customs, established by Henry II to unify and standardize justice across his realm.
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