France defeated, 1697–1715 key terms

Balance of Power

A political theory that suggests national security is enhanced when military and economic power is distributed among multiple states, preventing any one state from becoming too powerful.

Bourbon Dynasty

A European royal house that originated in France, which played a significant role during the War of the Spanish Succession, particularly with Louis XIV and Philip V.

Treaty of Utrecht

A series of agreements signed in 1713 that ended the War of the Spanish Succession and established a new balance of power in Europe.

Grand Alliance

A coalition formed in 1701 between England, the Dutch Republic, and other European powers to counter the threat posed by France under Louis XIV.

Habsburg Monarchy

A major European power that played a significant role in the War of the Spanish Succession and the subsequent Treaty of Utrecht.

Philip V

The first Bourbon king of Spain, whose succession triggered the War of the Spanish Succession.

Absolutism

A political system in which a single ruler holds absolute power, often justified by divine right.

Regency

A period during which a regent governs on behalf of a monarch who is unable to rule, often due to age or incapacity.