Explain the procedures for testing and identifying the following anions: (a) carbonate (CO₃²⁻) through its reaction with dilute acid and subsequent carbon dioxide gas detection; (b) halides (chloride Cl⁻, bromide Br⁻, iodide I⁻) by acidifying with dilute nitric acid followed by the addition of aqueous silver nitrate; (c) nitrate (NO₃⁻) by reduction with aluminum foil and sodium hydroxide, then testing for ammonia gas; (d) sulfate (SO₄²⁻) by acidifying with dilute nitric acid and adding barium nitrate; (e) sulfite (SO₃²⁻) through reaction with acidified potassium manganate(VII).

Quick explanation

Explain the procedures for testing and identifying the following anions: (a) carbonate (CO₃²⁻) through its reaction with dilute acid and subsequent carbon dioxide gas detection; (b) halides (chloride Cl⁻, bromide Br⁻, iodide I⁻) by acidifying with dilute nitric acid followed by the addition of aqueous silver nitrate; (c) nitrate (NO₃⁻) by reduction with aluminum foil and sodium hydroxide, then testing for ammonia gas; (d) sulfate (SO₄²⁻) by acidifying with dilute nitric acid and adding barium nitrate; (e) sulfite (SO₃²⁻) through reaction with acidified potassium manganate(VII)

• This point belongs to Identification of ions and gases, especially Identification of ions and gases outcomes.
• You need to be able to explain the procedures for testing and identifying the following anions: (a) carbonate (CO₃²⁻) through its reaction with dilute acid and subsequent carbon dioxide gas detection; (b) halides (chloride Cl⁻, bromide Br⁻, iodide I⁻) by acidifying with dilute nitric acid followed by the addition of aqueous silver nitrate; (c) nitrate (NO₃⁻) by reduction with aluminum foil and sodium hydroxide, then testing for ammonia gas; (d) sulfate (SO₄²⁻) by acidifying with dilute nitric acid and adding barium nitrate; (e) sulfite (SO₃²⁻) through reaction with acidified potassium manganate(VII).
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